GENERAL DENTISTRY

ROOT CANALS

What is a Root Canal?
A root canal is a treatment used to repair and save a tooth that is badly decayed or becomes infected. During a root canal procedure, the nerve and pulp are removed and the inside of the tooth is cleaned and sealed. In most cases, if a root canal procedure was not performed, the decayed tissue around the tooth will become infected, forming abscesses.

The term "root canal" refers to the natural cavity within the center of the tooth. This cavity contains the pulp or pulp chamber which is the soft area of the tooth. The tooth's nerve also lies within the root canal.

What are the signs that I need a Root Canal?
Patients who are in need of a root canal do not always experience symptoms. However, the following signs may indicate a need for a root canal:

• Severe pain in a tooth when chewing or applying pressure
• Prolonged sensitivity or pain when a tooth is exposed to hot or cold temperatures
• Discoloration or darkening of the tooth
• Swelling and tenderness in the nearby gums
• A persistent or recurring pimple on the gums

What is the procedure for a Root Canal?
A root canal procedure requires several appointments depending on the severity of the problem.

During the first appointment, your dentist will numb the tooth with anesthesia. X-rays will then be taken. These x-rays will enable your dentist to see the shape of the root canals and determine if there are any signs of infection in a surrounding bone. A sheet of rubber is placed around the tooth to keep it dry and free of saliva.

An access hole is then drilled into the tooth so your dentist can remove the pulp along with any bacteria and decayed nerve tissue from the tooth. The cleaning out process is accomplished using a series of root canal files that are maneuvered down the full length of the tooth to scrub the sides of the root canal clean. Water or sodium hypochlorite is used periodically to flush away the debris.

Once the tooth is clean, your dentist will apply a permanent filling to seal it. If additional appointments are needed, a temporary filling may be used until the tooth is ready for a permanent filling.

During the second follow-up visit, your dentist will fill the interior of the tooth with a sealer paste. A rubber compound is then placed into the tooth's root canal. The exterior access hole created at the beginning of treatment will be filled.

A final visit may be needed to fully restore the tooth. Teeth that need root canals often have large fillings, extensive decay or other weaknesses. A crown, crown and post or other restoration is often needed to protect the tooth, prevent it from breaking and restore it to full functionality.